Frictionless piston pump



Aug. 17, 1965 s. M. CURIONI FRICTIONLESS PISTON PUMP 2 Sheets-Sheet 1Filed Nov. 30, 1962 m Al J2? FIGZ INVEN TOR. SALVATORE n. cuercw/ Aug.17, 1965 s. M. CURIONI FRICTIONLESS PISTON PUMP 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FiledNov. 30, 1962 FIG.5A.

INVENTOR. SALVATORE N. CUE/ON! United States Patent 3,200,759FRICTIONLESS PISTON PUMP Salvatore M. Curioni, 151 S. Sunset, Haysville,Kans. Filed Nov. 30, 1962, Ser. No. 241,387 4 Claims. (Cl. 103153) Thisinvention relates to pumps and more particularly to piston pumps of highpressure and/or high volume, and it is a general object of the inventionto provide various improvements and simplifications in construction andarrangement of parts in a device of this character.

Piston pumps, generally used, at the present time, due to their basicdesign, absorb a great percentage of the total power necessary to makethe pump functional, to overcome the friction induced by the sliding, orrubbing of the piston (or pistons seals) against the cylinders wall.

It is the principal scope of this invention to eliminate, or greatlyreduce, this frictional resistance between the piston and the cylinderand, consequently, obtaining a better, more economical and moreefiicient pump and one which is capable of producing higher pressuresand/ or greater volume than reciprocating pumps produced in the presentart.

Another important object of this inxention is the basic change in designof this pump; the simple design of the unit, and relative components,will greatly facilitate the manufacturing and assembly of the pump.

Another object of this invention is to provide a pump in which themajority of the components are made from standard bar stock; this willreduce machining and relative cost to a minimum.

Another object of this invention consists in the elemination of partsrequiring costly inspection and machining techniques such as castings;and such other components as would require rigorous quality controls toinsure compliance with known safety procedures and additionally topreclude failures associated with use of such marginal components. Thisis accomplished only by the use of acceptable milled, rolled or extrudedmaterial known in the art as bar stock.

Another object of this invention is to make a pump light in Weight andcompact; this is accomplished in this design by the use of materialsthat have been extruded or rolled or forged, permitting the use of thinbut strong walls.

A further object of this invention is to provide a pump that is readilyaccessible and that each part can be replaced, if necessary, quickly andindependently from other parts.

A further and related object of this invention is the simplification andreliability of the sealing system, so designed as to have each unitseparately sealed and permitting the use of elastic rings in theiroriginal circular shape; this design offers also the advantage of aquick and economical substitution of each seal.

Another object of importance of this invention consists in the balanceddistribution of stresses in the design comprising the dual system ofopposed sealed bearings supporting the shaft on each side of theeccentric; at one end this shaft is extended and connected with thepower source.

Another object of this invention is the incorporation of a simple systemof communication between the intake port and the pressure chamber, andthe outlet port and the pressure chamber. This ingenious design permitsthe use of circular elastic ring seals to be independent of each otherand to maintain the original circular shape, in the sealing status,between the upper and lower caps and the valves and piston cylinders.

With the above and other objects in view, the inven- "ice tion consistsin the novel and useful provision, formation, construction, associationand relative arrangement of parts, members and features, all shown incertain embodiments in the accompanying drawings, described generallyand more particularly pointed out in claims.

While this invention has been described. in connection with a preferredspecific embodiment thereof, it will be understood that this descriptionis intended to illustrate and not to limit the scope of the inventionwhich is defined by the claims, and that the various materials and/ormeans of assembly of the various units can be varied in the light ofthis discussion and description Without departing from the spirit of thedisclosure.

Various other objects, advantages and features of the invention willbecome apparent to those skilled in the art from the followingdescription taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which:

FIGURE 1 is a plan view of the pump.

FIGURE 2 is a cross section taken along a longitudinal line 2-2 ofFIGURE 1, showing the sectional view of the pump.

FIGURE 3 is a cross section taken along the transversal line 3-3 ofFIGURE 1, showing the sectional view of the cylinder.

FIGURE 4 is an enlarged cross section view of the piston shown in FIGURE2 and FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 5 is a greater enlarged detail of a cross section of a sealshowing the ring in an active position.

FIGURE 5A is a greater enlarged detail of a cross section of a sealshowing the ring in an inactive position.

Referring now specifically to FIGURES 1 and 2, a pump A made inaccordance with the present invention is shown to include an upper capor cover 11 and a lower cap or base 12, a central cylinder 18 in whichtwo (2) opposed pistons 14 and 15 are located and an eccentric shaft 16which rotated will impart a linear motion to the cylindrical connectingrod 17. The connecting rod is guided in its linear motion by .the wallof the cylinder 18 and is attached, at each end, by bolts to the pistonsas clearly shown also in FIGURE 4.

Located at the right of the central cylinder 13 is another cylinder 20.The cylinder 20 is the inlet cylinder to which the hose carrying thefluid to be pumped or pressurized is connected to the inlet fitting 22.The two (2) opposite valves 23 and 24 are directional valves and premitfluid to enter only during the suction cycle.

Located at the left of the central cylinder 18 is another cylinder 21;this cylinder is the outlet cylinder to which an outlet fitting 27 isattached. At each end of the cylinder are located the valves 23 and 29;these valves are directional and permit for the fluid to exit.

The cover 11 has two (2) internal passages, oppositely located; the oneshown on the right goes from the inlet cylinder 20 to the chamber of thecentral cylinder 18, and the passage on the left goes from theoutletcylinder 21 to the chamber of the central cylinder 18.

The base 12 is identical to the cover 11.

The passages or tunnels 40 located in the upper and lower caps bridgethe Zone between the seals 41 permitting each individual cylinder 18,2t) and 21 to be sealed separately; this is a definite advantage in caseof necessary replacement of the seals or of the cylinders. design, also,facilitates the assembling of the pump.

The four (4) bolts 30 will keep the caps 11 and 12 properly placed andtight against the ends of the cylinders 18, 20 and 21, with thenecessary pressure; between the caps and the cylinder are inserted the Oring seals 41 in the relative grooves, consequently, accomplishing thesealing between the cylinders and the caps.

The pistons 14 and 15 are made of a series of hollow cylindricalsections; each section consists of a sealing ring 31 and a groove 32 inthe shape of a horizontal U in This 1 3 which the sealing ring isinserted in the outer hollow of the U section, as clearly shown inFIGURE 4.

These hollow cylindrical sections are made in different sizes and theyfit inside each other in such fashion to keep the proper pressurebetween the inside wall and the sealing ring contacting it and,therefore, being herrnetically sealed from each other.

These hollow cylindrical sections are limited in their relative motionby a shoulder 33 in the section upper part and an inserted retainingring 34.

The sealing ring 31 of the first section (the largest) will be incontact with the wall of the cylinder 35' and the last or smallestsection 36 will be in contact with the sealing ring =37 of the tube 38in which the bolt 39 is inserted.

From What is above described and illustrated can be readily seen thatthe composite piston can be made to operate in such fashion that thetotal motion of the stroke imparted to the rod 17 can be dividedproportionally, or as desired, to each section, comprising the piston,and that this motion imparted to each section, depends on the properclearance provided by the shoulder 33 and the retaining ring 34.

The displacement induced to the sections composing the piston, can bemade to be sufficiently small to avoid any sliding action between thesealing ring and the wall with which it is in contact. This displacementcan be absorbed by the fiber of the sealing ring 85 and by inducing adeformation as in sealing ring 86. Hence this deformation will permitthe composite piston to produce the required compression action withoutthe sliding or rubbing action and, therefore, eliminating or reducinggreatly the energy required to accomplish the cycling, as shown inFIGURES and 5A.

While this invention has been described with particular lar reference tothe construction shown in thedrawing and while various changes may bemade in the detailed construction, it shall be understood that suchchanges shall be within the spirit and scope of the present invention asdefined by the appended claims.

Having thus completely and fully described the invention, what is nowclaimed as new and desired to be protected by Letters Patent of theUnited States is:

1. In a reciprocating pump having a body, an inlet for said body, anoutlet for said body, an inlet chamber communicating with said inlet, anoutlet chamber communieating with said outlet, a pressure chamber, valvemeans for controlling the flow of fluid between said inlet chamber andsaid pressure chamber and between said pressure chamber and said outletchamber, a cylinder, the improvement comprising a piston slidablymounted for reciprocal movement in said cylinder and partially definingsaid pressure chamber, said piston being operative upon reciprocation tovary the volume of said pressure chamber thus drawing fluid from saidinlet chamber and discharging said fluid under pressure into said outletchamber, said piston being comprised of a plurality of telescopicallynested sections each movable a predetermined limited extent with respectto adjacent sections.

2. In a reciprocating pump having a body, an inlet for said body, anoutlet for said body, an inlet chamber communicating with said inlet, anoutlet chamber communicating with said outlet, a pressure chamber, valvemeans for controlling the flow of fluid between said inlet chamber andsaid pressure chamber and between said pressure chamber and said outletchamber, a cylinder, the improvement comprising a piston slida'blymounted for reciprocal movement in said cylinder and partially definingsaid pressure chamber, said piston being operative upon reciprocation tovary the volume of said pres sure chamber thus drawing fluid from saidinlet chamber and discharging said fluid under pressure into said outletchamber, said piston being formed of a plurality of hollow cylindricalsection-s mounted in telescopic relation for limited relative movementand means for sealing gne sections with respect to each other and tosaid cylin- 1 er.

3. In a reciprocating pump having a body, an inlet for said body, anoutlet for said body, an inlet chamber communicating with said inlet, anoutlet chamber communicating with said outlet, a pressure chamber, valvemeans for controlling the flow of fluid between said inlet chamber andsaid pressure chamber and between said pressure chamber and said outletchamber, a cylinder, the improvement comprising a piston sl-idablymounted for reciprocal movement in said cylinder and partially definingsaid pressure chamber, said piston being operative upon reciprocation tovary the volume of said pressure chamber thus drawing fluid from saidinlet chamber and discharging said fluid under pressure into said outletchamber, saidpiston being formed of a plurality of hollow cylindricalsections mounted in telescopic relation, each of said sections beingrecessed for reception of an annular elastic seal.

4. A pump in accordance with claim 3 in which said seal takes the formof an O-ring of rubber, neoprene or the like.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS Fay 103 s3 DONLEYJ. STOCKING, Primary Examiner.

WARREN E. COLEMAN, LAURENCE V. EFNER,

' Examiners.

1. IN A RECIPROCATING PUMP HAVING A BODY, AN INLET FOR SAID BODY, AN OUTLET FOR SAID BODY, AN INLET CHAMBER COMMUNICATING WITH SAID INLET, AN OUTLET CHAMBER COMMUNICATING WITH SAID OUTLIET, A PRESSURE CHAMBER, VALVE MEANS FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF FLUID BETWEEN SAID INLET CHAMBER AND SAID PRESSURE CHAMBER AND BETWEEN SAID PRESSURE CHAMBER AND SAID OUTLET CHAMBER, A CYLINDER, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING A PISTON SLIDABLY MOUNTED FOR RECIPROCAL MOVEMENT IN SAID CYLINDER AND PARTIALLY DEFINING SAID PRESSURE CHAMBER, SAID PISTON BEING OPERATIVE UPON RECIPROCATION TO VARY THE VOLUME OF SAID PRESSURE CHAMBER THUS DRAWING FLUID FROM SAID INLET CHAMBER AND DISCHARGING SAID FLUID UNDER PRESSURE INTO SAID OUTLET CHAMBER, SAID PISTON BEING COMPRISED OF A PLURALITY OF TELE-SCOPICALLY NESTED SECTIONS EACH MOVABLE A PREDETERMINED LIMITED EXTENT WITH RESPECT TO ADJACENT SECTIONS. 